About
Mount Yufu's distinctive twin peaks viewed from the southwest, showing the characteristic double-humped silhouette that earned it the nickname "Bungo Fuji." Source: Wikimedia Commons
Mount Yufu (Yufudake, įąåļåēģ) is an active volcanic mountain standing at 1,583.3 meters, located on the border of Yufu and Beppu in Oita Prefecture within Aso-Kuju National Park. ð Known affectionately as "Bungo Fuji" due to its elegant, Fuji-like conical silhouette, the mountain features distinctive twin peaks (Nishi-mine/West Peak and Higashi-mine/East Peak) separated by an ancient volcanic crater called Ubagauji. ð
The mountain serves as the symbolic landmark of Yufuin and the Yamanami Highway, visible from multiple viewpoints along the scenic route and dominating the landscape of the entire Yufuin basin. For car travelers on November 2nd, this location offers flexible options: quick roadside viewpoint stops with spectacular photography opportunities, or a challenging 4-5 hour summit hike through autumn foliage with 360-degree panoramic views.
Cultural & Historical Significance
Mount Yufu is far more than a scenic mountain - it is a sacred peak woven deeply into Japan's cultural and spiritual heritage since ancient times. The mountain appears in the Manyoshu (Japan's oldest poetry collection, compiled after 759 AD) as "Momen-yama" (Mulberry Cotton Mountain), named after the kouzo (paper mulberry) trees whose fibers were used to make cotton-like material. ð One ancient poem beautifully captures the mountain's essence: "Girls' loose hair seen around the house, strung like clouds on the cotton mountain."
The mountain's elegant conical shape has made it an object of religious worship for centuries, with its beautiful silhouette earning reverence from residents living at its foothills. ð Every May, the "Mountain Opening Ceremony" is held on the second Sunday to pray for climbers' safety, reinforcing its sacred status and drawing many visitors for commemorative performances. ð
According to local folklore preserved at Unaguhime Shrine, the Yufuin basin was once a large lake until the mountain deity Unaguhime ordered the shore to be kicked open, draining the water and creating the fertile land where Yufuin town now sits. This creation myth establishes Mount Yufu as a protective presence watching over the town and its famous hot springs. ð
Geologically, Mount Yufu is an active andesitic volcano, specifically a tholoid (lava dome), with its last major eruption occurring approximately 2,200 years ago. ð Though classified as active, it has remained dormant throughout recorded history. The twin peaks formation resulted from its volcanic activity - the slightly taller and more rugged Nishi-mine (West Peak) and the Higashi-mine (East Peak), separated by the ancient Ubagauji crater.
For the residents of Yufuin, Mount Yufu defines their identity and prosperity. The mountain provides the hot spring water that feeds the town's famous onsens and creates the stunning natural backdrop that attracts visitors year-round. ð The famous Kinrin Lake at the mountain's base is fed by springs originating from Mount Yufu, further cementing this symbiotic relationship between mountain and town.
The southern foothills showcase a dramatic traditional practice called Noyaki (field burning) every early spring. This controlled burn is a vital tradition for managing the vast grasslands, clearing dead winter vegetation, eliminating pests, and stimulating fresh growth for the coming season - a powerful spectacle of the deep relationship between the local community and the mountain's ecosystem. ð
Visiting Information
Observatory Viewpoints (No Detour Required)
Sagiridai Observatory - Directly on Yamanami Highway (Prefectural Route 11) between Yufuin and Beppu, only 5km from Yufuin. ð Elevation 680 meters above sea level with panoramic vista of Yufuin Basin and Mount Yufu. ð Facilities include parking (10 spaces), shop, and restrooms. ð Prime location for photographing the famous morning mist phenomenon. Free admission.
Jakoshi Observatory - Another morning mist viewpoint with views of Mount Yufu and Yufuin basin. ð
Mount Yufu Trailhead (Requires Detour from Yamanami Highway)
Access: The trailhead lies along Route 11, about 20 minutes drive from Yufuin town center toward Beppu. ð From Yufuin Station: 10 minutes by car. ð From Oita Expressway: Exit at Yufuin IC, then 15 minutes following signs for Mount Yufu. ð Address for GPS: "Yufu Tozanguchi" (įąåļįŧåąąåĢ). By public transport: Bus #36 from Yufuin Station to Yufu-tozanguchi bus stop (20 minutes, ÂĨ430). ð
Parking: Free parking with 30 spaces at main trailhead. Can be busy on weekends/holidays - arrive early morning or after lunch. Vending machines and portable toilets available at trailhead. ð ð ð
Hours: Viewpoints accessible 24/7; trails open year-round
Route Context: On-route landmark visible throughout Yamanami Highway; trailhead 10-15 minutes from highway
Seasonal Considerations: November 2 offers exceptional driving conditions with generally cool, pleasant weather and outstanding visibility. Clear autumn skies provide spectacular views. ð Peak autumn colors typically occur around late October through early November, with the mountain displaying vibrant reds and golds. ð November mornings frequently produce the famous "sea of clouds" visible from Yamanami Highway viewpoints like Sagiridai. Best viewing: sunrise to 8:00 AM. ð
For hiking in November: comfortable temperatures with cool, crisp air and less rainfall. ð Weather can change quickly - check forecasts before hiking. ð Shorter daylight hours require early starts (7-8 AM departure recommended). Early winter conditions may create frozen, snow-covered sections on shadowed ridges. ð
The Experience
For Viewpoint Visitors (Non-Hikers)
Yamanami Highway Scenic Stops: Experience Mount Yufu's ever-changing perspectives as you drive the famous Yamanami Highway. The mountain serves as a constant companion and signature landmark throughout the route, with its twin peaks appearing dramatically different from various angles. ð
Sagiridai Overlook Experience: At elevation 680m, this premier observation deck offers the most comprehensive views of Mount Yufu towering over the Yufuin basin. On autumn and winter mornings, witness the spectacular "sea of clouds" phenomenon where low-lying clouds fill the valley while the mountain peaks emerge majestically above. ð The overlook includes a shop and rest area, making it an ideal break point during your drive.
Best Times: Early morning (6:00-8:00 AM) - prime time for "sea of clouds" phenomenon and morning mist at Kinrin Lake (autumn/winter specialty). ð Late afternoon - beautiful golden light on the mountain for photography. Clear days essential for distant visibility - on clear days, even Shikoku island is visible from elevated viewpoints. ð
For Hikers
Trail Routes: Three trails extend from east, south, and west sides of the mountain, with the Front (South) Trail from Yufu Tozanguchi being the most popular and accessible main route. ð
Trail Route: The main trailhead trail starts in open grasslands before entering forested switchbacks. The path climbs to Matae, a saddle point between the twin peaks where hikers choose their summit. ð
Trail Difficulty: Overall rating - Challenging route, 4.0-mile out-and-back. Rated easy to moderate for people with basic fitness, though steep sections with loose boulders require attention. Recent hikers describe "stunning trail that gave more and more expansive views with switchback after switchback." ð One family successfully hiked with an 11-year-old daughter in mid-March when snow created "a magical winter wonderland." ð
East Peak (Higashi-mine): More accessible of the two peaks, suitable for beginners and intermediate hikers. Involves light scrambling over boulders. Incredible 360-degree views of Yufuin, Beppu Bay, and Kuju Mountain Range. ð ð
West Peak (Nishi-mine): Slightly higher at 1,548m (about 1 meter taller). More challenging with chains and steep rocky sections. Requires technical scrambling, steep and precipitous rock ridge with supportive chains. Requires hands-and-knees scrambling toward summit. Recommended for experienced hikers. ð ð
Crater Traverse (Ohachimawari Course): Expert-level only. Northern rim is especially risky requiring rock climbing without chains. ð
Time Estimates: To East Peak: 2-3 hours round trip. To West Peak: 40 minutes from saddle (plus 2 hours to reach saddle), very steep. Full round trip (either peak): 4-6 hours total, including descent time of 1.5 hours. ð ð ð Most hikers choose East Peak for better views with less technical difficulty.
Summit Views (Both Peaks): From either summit, experience breathtaking 360-degree panoramas including entire Kuju mountain range to the west, Beppu Bay and the ocean to the east, Yufuin basin laid out below, and on exceptionally clear days, Shikoku island visible in the distance. ð ð ð
Practical Visiting Tips
Photography Strategy:
- Observatory: Best time early morning (sunrise to 9 AM) on cool, clear days for mist phenomenon. ð
- Golden hour: Late afternoon light (4-5 PM in November) provides warm tones on mountain and autumn foliage
- Equipment: Wide-angle lens captures full basin panorama; telephoto useful for mountain details
- Summit: 360-degree views include Yufuin Basin, Beppu Bay, and Kuju Mountain Range ð
Hiking Preparation for November:
Essential Gear:
- Layered clothing: Moisture-wicking base layer, fleece mid-layer, windproof/waterproof shell ð
- Sturdy hiking boots with good grip for loose boulders and potential ice ð
- Sufficient water: No water sources along trail - bring 1.5-2 liters per person ð
- Snacks and emergency supplies: Trail mix, energy bars, small first-aid kit
- Hat and gloves: Summit temperatures can be significantly cooler
Trail Intelligence:
- No restrooms on mountain - use facilities at trailhead before departure ð
- Timing: Start early (7-8 AM) to ensure daylight return in November's shorter days
- Peak choice: Most hikers choose East Peak for better views with less technical difficulty
Cultural Etiquette:
- Remember that Mount Yufu is an object of religious worship and holds deep cultural significance. ð Approach the mountain with respect for its sacred status
- Greet fellow hikers with "Konnichiwa" when passing ð
- Right-of-way: Ascending hikers have priority - step to mountain-side when descending
- Leave No Trace: Pack out all trash, food wrappers, and waste (strictly enforced in Japan)
- Quiet respect: Maintain peaceful atmosphere, avoid loud music or calls
- Stay on marked trails to protect the volcanic ecosystem ð
Route Integration:
Quick Observatory Visit (Recommended for All):
- Sagiridai Observatory requires zero detour - directly on Route 11
- 15-30 minute stop captures iconic mountain views
- Essential for morning mist photography enthusiasts
- To witness the sea of clouds phenomenon, arrive at Sagiridai before sunrise or shortly after. The effect typically dissipates by mid-morning as temperatures rise. ð
Full Hiking Experience (For Active Travelers):
- Requires 20-minute detour from highway to trailhead
- Plan minimum 5-6 hours total (including drive, hike, return)
- Best incorporated as half-day activity when staying in Yufuin
- Transforms route from scenic drive to active mountain adventure
The mountain's position near Yufuin makes it an ideal stop when transitioning between the highway's dramatic volcanic landscapes and the coastal hot spring culture of Beppu. Mount Yufu serves as the eastern anchor of the Yamanami Highway experience, providing a dramatic introduction to the route's volcanic mountain landscapes. ð
Post-Hike Experience: After summiting Mount Yufu, the traditional reward is soaking in Yufuin's famous onsen (hot springs) with views of the mountain you just conquered. This practice connects the creation myth - the mountain deity created the basin for the hot springs - with modern visitor experience. ð
Critical Considerations:
- Weather variability: Mountain conditions can change rapidly - monitor forecasts and be prepared to skip summit if conditions deteriorate
- Daylight constraints: Sunrise around 6:30 AM, sunset around 5:30 PM in early November - start hikes by 8 AM latest
- Trailhead parking: Popular hiking season means busy weekends - arrive early or consider midweek visit
- No mountain facilities: Zero water sources or shelters on trail - complete self-sufficiency required
- Emergency access: Limited cell phone coverage on mountain - inform someone of hiking plans
- Observatory visit: Adds negligible time to Yamanami Highway drive, highly recommended
- Hiking detour: Requires full morning or afternoon commitment - plan accommodation in Yufuin for pre/post-hike relaxation
- Weather backup: Observatory viewing possible in most conditions; hiking requires clear weather and dry trails
Budget Considerations: Free viewpoint access, parking, and hiking. Optional expenses include food/souvenirs at Sagiridai facilities or post-hike onsen in Yufuin.
Location: Mountain summit at View on Google Maps | Trailhead at Yufu Tozanguchi
Source: attractions/kumamoto-to-beppu-scenic-route/mount-yufu-viewpoint.md